Quoting Jason Crawford's Technological Stagnation: Why I came around:

Thiel, along with economists such as Tyler Cowen (The Great Stagnation) and Robert Gordon (The Rise and Fall of American Growth), promotes a “stagnation hypothesis”: that there has been a significant slowdown in scientific, technological, and economic progress in recent decades—say, for a round number, since about 1970, or the last ~50 years.

Eliezer has posted a short work of fiction on Reddit which explores related ideas.

Related Pages: Progress Studies, Bureaucracy, World Modeling