Little late to the party here but I was reading this and at least one immediately came to mind. Corporate valuation:

What: Investment Valuation: Tools and Techniques for Determining the Value of any Asset by Aswath Damodaran,

Why: Corporate Finance, 4th Edition, Ivo Welch, but perhaps better in lecture form. Khan Academy's finance series is good as well.

How: HBR Tools: Business Valuation