When someone's coming for over for dinner, I'll ask about their dietary restrictions. In my social groups it's common for people to be vegetarian or vegan, and others have a food allergy, are gluten-free, etc. Occasionally, however, I find myself making food without knowing my constraints. Perhaps someone's "bringing a friend" or when I asked they said "my food situation is pretty complicated, I can eat after if there's nothing that works for me." In these cases one option is to serve a meal that works for a wide variety of dietary restrictions.

I wouldn't want to only cook like this: every restriction you put on your cooking makes it harder. (Not specific to cooking!) Still, there are a few meals that do work well this way. For example, this is the main situation where I'll cook baked potatoes with stuff to put on them:

Baked potatoes
Black beans
Cheese sauce
Ground beef or bacon
Caramelized onions
Roasted cherry tomatoes
Chopped scallions
Olives
Sour cream
Baby spinach

This is mainstream American food, but because each person chooses what goes on their plate it works for nearly everyone: vegetarians leave out the meat, vegans leave out the cheese and cream, low-carb people leave out the potato, potato-only people just eat the potato, there's no gluten, etc. Which exact sides you choose don't matter too much as long as you think a bit about dietary categories. I'm probably listing a few more than I would normally make.

If I didn't want to make potatoes I'd do tacos/burritos, without trying for something authentic. This could be:

Corn tortillas, briefly heated
Flour tortillas, same
Black beans
Grated cheese
Ground beef, chicken, or carnitas
Pico de gallo
Salsa
Roasted bell pepper slivers
Guacamole [1]
Sour cream
Baby spinach

And yes, this has a lot in common with the previous meal, but the spices are pretty different and I wouldn't mind serving them on consecutive days.

Other meals where there are a lot of options on the table and each person chooses their own combination also work. The main things I keep in mind are trying to keep each component relative simple, having at least two protein options, at least one vegan protein option, and at least one non-glutenous starch option.

[1] I usually don't make guacamole, because I don't really like it and I prefer not to prepare food I don't enjoy....

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