Another advantage of Chinese leadership in AI: while right now they have less alignment research than the West, they may be better at scaling it up at crunch time: they have more control over what companies and people work on, a bigger government, and a better track record at pulling off major projects like controlling COVID and, well, large-scale 'social engineering'.
One way to convert: measure how accurate the LM is at word-level prediction by measuring its likelihood of each possible word. For example the LM's likelihood of the word "[token A][token B]" could be .
Playing this game made me realize that humans aren't trainged to predict at the token-level. I don't know the token-level vocabulary; and made lots of mistakes by missing spaces and punctuation. Is it possible to convert the token-level prediction in to word-level prediction? This may get you a better picture of human ability.
Relevant: Last Layer Re-Training is Sufficient for Robustness to Spurious Correlations.
They argue that the pre-trained network already learns some non-confused features but doesn't use them. And you just need to fine-tune the last layer to utilize them.
We’ll be able to fine-tune in the test environment so won’t experience OOD at deployment, and while changes will happen, continual fine-tuning will be good enough to stop the model from ever being truly OOD. We think this may apply in settings where we’re using the model for prediction, but it’s unclear whether continual fine-tuning will be able to help models learn and adapt to the rapid OOD shifts that could occur when the models are transferred from offline learning to online interaction at deployment.
Couldn't the model just fail at the start of fine-tuning (because it's causally confused), then learn in a decision setting to avoid causal confusion, and then no longer be causally confused?
If no - I'm guessing you expect that the model only unlearns some of its causal confusion. And there's always enough left so that after the next distribution shift the model again performs poorly. If so, I'd be curious why you believe that the model won't unlearn all or most of its causal confusion.
This distillation was useful for me, thanks for making it! As feedback, I got stuck at the bullet-point explanation of imitative generalization. There was not enough detail to understand it so I had to read Beth's post first and try connect it to your explanation. For example kind of changes are we considering? To what model? How do you evaluate if an change lets the human make better predictions?
A large amount of math describes the relations between agents at the same level of analysis: this is almost all of game theory. [...] our focus is on "vertical" relations, between composite agents and their parts.
This seems to be what is studied in the fields of organizational economics and to some extent in industrial organization / vertical integration. These fields have a great deal of game theory on vertical relationships, particularly relationships between the firm and its employees, managers, and contractors. Some of this can probably be ported to your interfaces. These fields are unsolved though, which means there's work left to do, but also that it's been difficult to find simple solutions, perhaps because you're modeling complex phenomena.
I like your section on self-unaligned agents btw. Curious what comes out of your centre.
My point is that, while PCIe bandwidths aren't increasing very quickly, it's easy to increase the number of machines you use. So you can distribute each NN layer (width-wise) across many machines, each of which adds to the total bandwidth you have.
(As noted in the previous comment, you can do this with <<300GB of total GPU memory for GPT-3 with something like ZeRO-infinity)
Beware bandwidth bottlenecks, as I mentioned in my original post.
Presumably bandwidth requirements can be reduced a lot through width-wise parallelism. Each GPU only has to load one slice of the model then. Of course you'll need more GPUs then but still not a crazy number as long as you use something like ZeRO-infinity.
(Yes, 8x gpu->gpu communications will hurt overall latency... but not by all that much I don't think. 1 second is an eternity.)
Width-wise communication, if you mean that, can be quite a latency bottleneck for training. And it gets worse when you make the model wider or the batch bigger, which of course people are constantly doing. But for inference I guess you can reduce the latency if you're willing to use a small batch size.
Not sure if any of these qualify but: Military equipment, ingredients for making drugs, ingredients for explosives, refugees and travelers (being transferred between countries), stocks and certificates of ownership (used to be physical), big amounts of cash. Also I bet there was lots of registration of goods in planned economies.