https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWtg7UoUNaw
Notice how many direct questions on Iran Rubio appears to answer with the information requested, but he doesn't actually provide the info requested. The best one I think is:
QUESTION: How does the State Department interpret the President’s recent remarks when he said, quote, “The Iranian people need to have guns and I think they are getting some guns,” end quote? What did he mean, and do those comments relate to any ongoing or potential U.S. actions like supplying those weapons?
SECRETARY RUBIO: Well, I think it goes back to the question I was asked a moment ago. I think the President thinks it’s heartbreaking that the Iranian people are abused by this regime in the way they are. In the end, I mean, this regime is not – guys, I know I’ve said this – I think I said this in my hearing before the Senate when I got confirmed. I don’t know of any country in the world where there’s a bigger difference between the people and the people who run the country, okay? This country is run by radical Shia clerics, and that’s not what Iran and the Iranian people are. Now, they may be Shia, but they’re not radicals and they’re not clerics, and they just want a normal life and a regular life, and in many ways a very cosmopolitan country with an incredible history – incredible history and incredible legacy and the like.
So there’s this huge divide between the people of Iran, whom we sympathize with and who the President sympathizes with, because they’re the ones suffering. Look, the world is a victim of Iran, okay? The world is a victim of Iran because they’re terrorists, because of what they’re doing now in the straits. But the people of Iran are daily victims of the regime, and the President has deep sympathy for what they’re going through. And I think he’s just expressing that sympathy and that frustration that they don’t have the ability to do more to get rid of this regime that has crushed this country and isolated it from the world, which is a country that shouldn’t be isolated from the world, because its people are phenomenal.
Well, I think it goes back to the question I was asked a moment ago
Yes, the 'avoid the question by talking about a previous question' is a classic.
Basics:
Answering something other than the question,
Either making something up that they want to answer instead or going back to an easier to answer question. Or back to a question that lets them repeat a talking point
Common phrases:
- "to go back to your previous question"
- "to take a step back a bit"
- "if we look at the bigger picture"
- "this feels like a question about [thing the question isn't about]"
- "you raise an important question more generally" → turn the question into one which you more want to answer
Make it *feel* like you answered a question without answering it.
Examples
Done for comedic effect: https://youtu.be/fhEakqJJUng?si=GBEvYBXcaEsb6F2_
How this works:
Questions, especially ones people care a lot about, tend to have two main components:
- the request for information
- the emotion which makes then want that information
When someone doesn't want to tell you some information, but also doesn't want to tell you 'I won't tell you', something they can do is detect what kind of emotion is driving your question, or if it's in front of an audience, what kind of emotion is driving the audience's interest in that question and address that emotion in way that leaves people satisfied (or something close to that, for long enough to not have that collective emotion as one thing directed at them anymore, or anytime soon) without actually giving or coming close to giving the actual information that was requested.
Examples of people to look at who do this:
Lobbyists, CEOs, Comedians, certain lawyers, skilled marketers, some 'therapists'
Video Examples:
Low skill, explained by commentary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-vmbDczK-78&pp=ygUlbG91aXMgcm9zc21hbm4gbG9iYnlpc3QgY2hhcmxpZSBicm93bg%3D%3D
Low to mediocre skill:
https://youtu.be/oZNvoN0u_DU?si=F73d2xNNBkkMXNcK
Mediocre skill: https://m.youtube.com/shorts/lW_eq3yFNT0
Same average technique, but done to extreme levels of polish: https://x.com/KKumar_ai_plans/status/1665479141267734529
The Defense
So, if you've been through the above material without confirmation bias, or with good awareness of your own confirmation bias and precise, accurate compensation for your confirmation bias, you will likely now be asking or thinking of ideas for "How Do I Defend Against This?"
I will tell you.
There are many variations of this defense and how to implement it - but the fundamental comes down to: Notice you have not received the information you were asking for - and do not update in any way that you might have, if you did, without actually getting that information!