There definitely seems to be a continuum. I’m legitimately confused about using an LLM to generate actual text, since that seems like the easy part. I am using one to help write a novel, but it’s as a research assistant. For example, I struggled for years using tools like Vulgar to create new languages. But, it turns out LLMs are great at creating them. A list of things I routinely use the LLM for:
I have a soft rule that I never upload the actual text of my book for feedback. I keep the actual text of the book out of the LLM’s memory.
I’m not sure where that fits in your model.
Last year I remember seeing a Japanese novelist win an award with the help of an LLM.[1]
Art forms frequently evolve, but there are several concerns with the use of LLMs for creative writing. For one, there's the issue of copyright infringement that famous writers are taking up arms against:
Even if someone legally acquired non-copyrighted text to train an LLM on, there’s also the issue of talent.
If someone told me they produced a 300-page novel by hand—I would be impressed.
If someone else told me they produced a 300-page novel with the aid of an LLM (that wrote the vast majority of the book) and the human merely organized the AI-generated content—I would consider the real author to be the LLM and the human would merely be an editor (or, at best, an artist creating a collage).
The more someone relies on LLMs to write a novel, the less impressive their accomplishment is.
The debate on the overuse of technology in writing has been going on long before LLMs took the stage. In the 1980s writers were debating the word processor as a legitimate writing tool:
I respect the famous authors who have gone to great lengths to produce their books. With the advent of LLMs, people will be deprived of the thinking process. They'll miss the opportunity to struggle before a blank piece of paper while nervously chewing on a Ticonderoga #2 pencil, and they'll miss the opportunity to sit behind a keyboard and mutter swear words at the blinking cursor that seems to be taunting them and asking what’s next?
With the ubiquity of LLMs, we'll never actually know if an author is using AI to think for them.[2] Practically anyone can be an author now. And when everyone's an author, no one will be.
I asked a friend if he thinks it's silly that I only use my biological brain to write. He said, "You're still allowed to do math without a calculator. But why would you?" Paul Graham has a good rebuttal to that:
I wonder if we'll look back on the people (like me) who solely use their biological brains to produce writing and view them as luddites compared to everyone else using LLMs. Am I basically a grumpy old scribe complaining about the newfangled Gutenberg Press? Or will my steadfast refusal to let go of a fading art form be seen as the death throes of a generation that's more than happy to slide into the warm comfort of brain rot.
She didn't simply tell ChatGPT "write me an entire story about XYZ", but instead used the LLM to generate text for an AI assistant within the story which characters interacted with.
People are constantly searching for competitive advantages. Unlike in the world of sports, there are few regulations in the writing world. Authors can claim their work is strictly biologically-produced for status purposes, but how can we possibly verify that? LLMs will become the PEDs of writers.