links 1/21/2025: https://roamresearch.com/#/app/srcpublic/page/02-21-2025

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurofilament_light_polypeptide  a marker of axonal degeneration in Alzheimer's, Huntington's, ALS, MS
  • https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67052013.x study linking levels of NfL to ALS: 1996
  • https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2012.03777.x study linking levels of NfL to ALS severity/progression: 2012
• https://www.nature.com/articles/312757a0 sequencing the HIV-1 virus -- 1984
  • https://www.nature.com/articles/324691a0 same group at the Pasteur Institute sequenced the HIV-2 virus in 1986
• xhttps://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(96)05283-X/fulltext earliest trial (1996) I could find using viral load as an endpoint for HIV vaccines
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitosterolemia  lipid metabolic disorder
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrodysplasia_ossificans_progressiva rare disease that turns muscle and tendons to bone
  • https://www.nature.com/articles/ng1783 gene for fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
  • https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/publications-and-special-projects/the-research-legacy-of-penn-medicine/orthopaedics/fop history of research on the disease
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Houghton discovered hepatitis C
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_M._Kunkel discovered dystrophin, the protein deficient in muscular dystrophy
• https://www.discoverymedicine.com/Eric-P-Hoffman/2013/11/08/orphan-drug-development-in-muscular-dystrophy-update-on-two-large-clinical-trials-of-dystrophin-rescue-therapies/ trials using dystrophin as a biomarker in trials for muscular dystrophy
  • https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(11)60756-3/fulltext?keepThis=true&width=850&height=650&rss=yes&TB_iframe=true dystrophin used as a surrogate endpoint in muscular dystrophy trial
• https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/10425179109008433 cytomegalovirus sequenced in 2009
  • https://www2.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/bart-barrell-1944-2023/ Bart Barrell
  • https://profiles.ucl.ac.uk/1277-stephan-beck Stephan Beck
  • https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/62/9/1154/1745383 first study I could find (2016) using viral load as an endpoint for CMV antivirals
• https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2730307/ standard anthrax immunoassay, from 2002
• https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa2003715 SOD1 used as an endpoint in a trial for ALS
• https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.1243292 first description of activated PI3K-δ syndrome, 2013
  • https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/130/21/2307/36662/Effective-activated-PI3K-syndrome-targeted-therapy lymph node size and naive B cells as endpoints in activated PI3K-δ syndrome trial
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activated_PI3K_delta_syndrome
• https://www.nejm.org/doi/abs/10.1056/NEJM197911223012102 IGF-1 as a biomarker for acromegaly, 1979
  • more on IGFs in acromegaly: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0026049594901996
• https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/257810 Niemann-Pick first described in 1928
• https://www.fda.gov/drugs/development-resources/table-surrogate-endpoints-were-basis-drug-approval-or-licensure list of surrogate endpoints that the FDA accepted for drug approval/licensing
• https://charlesyang.substack.com/p/2-years-at-doe what it's really like at DOE
• https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/2022-59-02/S0273-0979-2022-01759-4/S0273-0979-2022-01759-4.pdf this is the closest I could find to an exposition of the Bellman function method
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berl_Katznelson early Zionist; does not appear to be related to the mathematician
• people often claim that the "female orgasm" is exclusive to humans, or cannot be detected in animals, but this is false
  • https://kinseyinstitute.org/pdf/womens%20orgasm%20annual%20review.pdf female orgasm has numerous objectively verifiable signs, from characteristic changes in breathing/heart rate to rhythmic vaginal contractions.
  • https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajp.1350010104 females of many species of primates make facial expressions and noises associated with pleasure during sex, and also show the characteristic vaginal contractions of female orgasm when stimulated
  • https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.3402/snp.v6.31883 evidence that female rats experience sexual pleasure
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leroy_Hood nvented the DNA sequencer, the protein sequencer, the peptide synthesizer, and many other methods
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleftherios_Diamandis biochemist who first skeptically investigated Theranos's claims and prompted John Carreyrou to do his famous investigative expose
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