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... we find that adversarial perturbations that fool ANNs similarly bias human choice. We further show that the effect is more likely driven by higher-order statistics of natural images to which both humans and ANNs are sensitive, rather than by the detailed architecture of the ANN.
Yeah, quite clearly. It looks like the ear of this cat, roughly. The eye shape is pretty similar too.
In addition, the tree above the train to the left turns into a blob with leopard spot patterns like this, and in the upper right foliage there is a fur-like texture with tiger stripes.
Anyway, I now have better drawing tools. Here is what I see, done by tracing over the picture in a separate layer:
2tslarm
I'm assuming you're talking about our left, because you mentioned 'dark foliage'. If so, that's probably the most obvious part of the cat to me. But I find it much easier to see when I zoom in/enlarge the image, and I think I missed it entirely when I first saw the image (at 1x zoom). I suspect the screen you're viewing it on can also make a difference; for me the ear becomes much more obvious when I turn the brightness up or the contrast down. (I'm tweaking the image rather than my monitor settings, but I reckon the effect is similar.)