A couple things that are maybe not exactly what you're looking for but are nearby and probably somewhat useful:

The blog Data Colada (example, example2)

Elizabeth's "epistemic spot check" series (example)

Here is a thing I wrote 10 years ago assessing an N-back study. That's a easy-for-me-to-remember example, where I also remember that the writeup comes pretty close to reflecting how I was thinking through things as I was looking at the paper.

This maybe isn't quite the same as what you're asking for, but I recommend reading any past Slate Star Codex post with "Much more than you wanted to know" in its name. They differ in how technical they get, but they're generally about analyzing the literature in a field of research and trying to figure out which studies are more meaningful, what they mean, and how it all adds up.

You need to learn what to avoid: http://shape-of-code.coding-guidelines.com/2016/06/10/finding-the-gold-nugget-papers-in-software-engineering-research/

Andrew Gelman's blog has lots of what you are after: https://statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu/