Here are some strange things parents often believe about children and food:
My wife and I reject all four of these beliefs, and (n=2) our children are healthy, happy, and not at all picky. We always offer them the same things we eat. We never bring out "kid food", though they can have as much of any item on the table as they want (e.g., if we happen to be serving cantalope and only cantaloupe sounds good to them, they can help themselves to that). We don't always do dessert, but when we do, we serve it along with everything else. (Edit to clarify in the example that adults pick the meal and kids pick whatever they want to eat in the meal, which a comment below seems to misunderstand).
On the whole, their biology has done a great job of regulating their eating and drinking. My oldest (age 5) has recently gotten into spicy food to be like me—absolutely bonkers to my friend whose kid just recently accepted lettuce into his diet. My kids' relationship with food has been happy for us, and we've avoided the intense stress I've seen some parents face with their kids and food.
The one downside with giving our kids delicious adult food is that they are now food snobs specifically with regard to the NYT vegan mac and cheese recipe over the $2 Kraft box, which is inconvenient when we visit friends. This is not to say they eat lots of fancy complex things. Most of our recipes are pretty simple.
I do not believe that if I get my children to eat, they will starve - I am confident that they will eat, eventually, well before the point of starvation. I do believe from experience that they will get very cranky if they don't eat.
Before I had kids I assumed that if anything would be hardwired as a self-rewarding instinct, it would be hungry --> eat. I'm now convinced that "this kind of fatigue and stomach pain that is making me cranky is a specific experience called hunger" and "eating things cures hunger" are things humans have to learn the hard way ... (read more)