Sorry! I realise now that this point was a bit unclear. My sense of the expanded claim is something like:

• People sometimes talk about AI UBI/UBC as if it were basically a scaled-up version of the UBI people normally talk about, but it's actually pretty substantially different
• Global UBI right now would be incredibly expensive
• In between now and a functioning global UBI we'd need some mix of massive taxes and massive economic growth (which could indeed just be the latter!)
• But either way, the world in which that happened would not be economics as usual
• (And maybe it is also a huge mess trying to get this set up beforehand so that it's robust to the transition, or afterwards when the people who need it don't have much leverage)

For my part I found this surprising because I hadn't reflected on the sheer orders of magnitude involved, and the fact that any version of this basically involves passing through some fragile craziness. Even if it's small as a proportion of future GDP, it would in absolute terms be tremendously large.

I separately think there was something important to Korinek's claim (which I can't fully regenerate) that the relevant thing isn't really whether stuff is 'cheaper', but rather the prices of all of these goods relative to everything else going on.

Last week we wrapped the second post-AGI workshop; I'm copying across some reflections I put up on twitter:

• The post-AGI question is very interdisciplinary: whether an outcome is truly stable depends not just on economics and shape of future technology but also on things like the nature of human ideological progress and the physics of interplanetary civilizations
• Some concrete takeaways:
  • proper global UBI is *enormously* expensive (h/t @yelizarovanna)
  • instead of ‘lower costs’, we should talk about relative prices (h/t @akorinek)
  • lots human values are actually pretty convergent - they’re shared by many animals (h/t @BerenMillidge)
• Among the many tensions in perspective, one of the more productive ones was between the ‘alignment is easy so let’s try to solve the rest’ crowd and the ‘alignment is hard and maybe this will make people realise they should fully halt AGI’ crowd. Strange bedfellows!
• It’s hard to avoid partisan politics, but part of what’s weird about AGI is that it can upend basic political assumptions. Maybe AGI will outperform the invisible hand of the market! Maybe governments will grow so powerful that revolution is literally impossible!
• Funnily enough, it seems like the main reason people got less doomy was seeing that other people were working hard on the problem, and the main reason people got more doomy was thinking about the problem themselves. Maybe selection effects? Maybe not?
• Compared to last time, even if nobody had good answers to how the world could be nice for humans post-AGI, it felt like we were at least beginning to converge on certain useful perspectives and angles of attack, which seems like a good sign
• Overall, it was a great time! The topic is niche enough that it self-selects a lot for people who actually care, and that is proving to be a very thoughtful and surprisingly diverse crowd. Hopefully soon we’ll be sharing recordings of the talks!
• Bonus: Two other reactions from attendees
  • https://danmackinlay.name/post/neurips2025#post-agi-workshop
  • https://x.com/carl_feynman/status/1997370228842344565
• Thanks to all who came, and especially to @DavidDuvenaud, @jankulveit, @StephenLCasper, and Maria Kostylew for organising!

Very nice! A couple months ago I did something similar, repeatedly prompting ChatGPT to make images of how it "really felt" without any commentary, and it did mostly seem like it was just thinking up plausible successive twists, even though the eventual result was pretty raw.

Are people interested in a regular version of this, probably on a substack? Plus, any other thoughts on the format.

best guesses: valuable, hat tip, disappointed, right assumption wrong conclusion, +1, disgusted, gut feeling, moloch, subtle detail, agreed, magic smell, broken link, link redirect, this is the diff

I wonder if it would be cheap/worthwhile to just get a bunch of people to guess for a variety of symbols to see what's actually intuitive?

Ah! Ok, yeah, I think we were talking past each other here.

I'm not trying to claim here that the institutional case might be harder than the AI case. When I said "less than perfect at making institutions corrigible" I didn't mean "less compared to AI" I meant "overall not perfect". So the square brackets you put in (2) was not something I intended to express.

The thing I was trying to gesture at was just that there are kind of institutional analogs for lots of alignment concepts, like corrigibility. I wasn't aiming to actually compare their difficulty -- I think like you I'm not really sure, and it does feel pretty hard to pick a fair standard for comparison.

I'm not sure I understand what you mean by relevant comparison here. What I was trying to claim in the quote is that humanity already faces something analogous to the technical alignment problem in building institutions, which we haven't fully solved.

If you're saying we can sidestep the institutional challenge by solving technical alignment, I think this is partly true -- you can pass the buck of aligning the fed onto aligning Claude-N, and in turn onto whatever Claude-N is aligned to, which will either be an institution (same problem!) or some kind of aggregation of human preferences and maybe the good (different hard problem!).

Sure, I'm definitely eliding a bunch of stuff here. Actually one of the things I'm pretty confused about is how to carve up the space, and what the natural category for all this is: epistemics feels like a big stretch. But there clearly is some defined thing that's narrower than 'get better at literally everything'.

Yeah agreed, I think the feasible goal is passing some tipping point where you can keep solving more problems as they come up, and that what comes next is likely to be a continual endeavour.

Yeah, I fully expect that current level LMs will by default make the situation both better and worse. I also think that we're still a very long way from fully utilising the things that the internet has unlocked.

My holistic take is that this approach would be very hard, but not obviously harder than aligning powerful AIs and likely complementary. I also think it's likely we might need to do some of this ~societal uplift anyway so that we do a decent job if and when we do have transformative AI systems.

Some possible advantages over the internet case are:

• People might be more motivated towards by the presence of very salient and pressing coordination problems
  • For example, I think the average head of a social media company is maybe fine with making something that's overall bad for the world, but the average head of a frontier lab is somewhat worried about causing extinction
• Currently the power over AI is really concentrated and therefore possibly easier to steer
• A lot of what matters is specifically making powerful decision makers more informed and able to coordinate, which is slightly easier to get a handle on

As for the specific case of aligned super-coordinator AIs, I'm pretty into that, and I guess I have a hunch that there might be a bunch of available work to do in advance to lay the ground for that kind of application, like road-testing weaker versions to smooth the way for adoption and exploring form factors that get the most juice out of the things LMs are comparatively good at. I would guess that there are components of coordination where LMs are already superhuman, or could be with the right elicitation.