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The actual hard parts? Math probably doesn't help much directly, unfortunately. Mathematical thinking is good. You'll have to learn how to think in novel ways, so there's not even a vector anyone can point you in, except for pointers with a whole lot of "dereference not included" like "figure out how to understand the fundamental forces involved in what actually determines what a mind ends up trying to do long term" (https://tsvibt.blogspot.com/2023/04/fundamental-question-what-determines.html).
Some of the problems: https://tsvibt.blogspot.com/2023/03/the-fraught-voyage-of-aligned-novelty.html A meta-philosophy discussion of what might work: https://tsvibt.blogspot.com/2023/09/a-hermeneutic-net-for-agency.html
15the gears to ascension
I currently think we're mostly interested in properties that apply at all timesteps, or at least "quickly", as well as in the limit; rather than only in the limit. I also think it may be easier to get a limit at all by first showing quickness, in this case, but not at all sure of that.