In general the human body is only capable of healing injuries that are the kind of thing that, if they were smaller, would still leave the victim alive, in the Stone Age.  If an injury is of a type that would be immediately fatal in the Stone Age, there’s no evolutionary pressure to make it survivable.  For example, we can regrow peripheral nerves, because losing a peripheral nerve means a numb patch and a weak limb, but you could live with this for a few months even if you’re a caveman.  On the other hand, we can’t regrow spinal cord, because a transected spinal cord  is fatal within a day or two even given the finest Stone Age nursing care (it didn’t become survivable until about 1946.). On the third hand, we can heal brain from strokes, even though brain is more complex than spinal cord, because a small stroke is perfectly survivable as long as you have someone to feed you until you get better.  We can survive huge surgical incisions, even though those would be fatal in the Stone Age, because small penetrating wounds were survivable, and the healing mechanisms can just do the same thing all along the incision.  This is why we sew wounds up: to convince the healing mechanisms that it’s only a small cut.

Unfortunately this argument suggests regrowing limbs is impossible.  An amputation is bad but survivable, and after it heals, you can still get around.  But many years of spending a lot of bodily energy on regrowing a limb that is pretty useless for most of that time doesn’t seem worthwhile.

Some particular problems I see:

In humans, there’s no mechanism for a growing limb to connect correctly to an adult injury site.  For example, there’s already a bunch of scar tissue there, which has to be cleared away progressively as the limb grows.  Evolution has not seen fit to provide us with this complex biochemistry, unlike the case of salamanders.

Children have a high level of circulating growth hormone, which tells the arm cells how fast to grow.  If you tried to provide this to an adult, their other bones would also grow, causing deformity (acromegaly).

It’s odd that we can’t grow new teeth when the old ones fall out.  More than once, I mean.  Drilling for cavities makes sense because the enamel (outer tooth layer) is essentially dead, and doesn’t regrow.  But we should be able to grow a whole new tooth from the root when we get a cavity.

There seem to be clinical trials underway for regrowing teeth in Japan: https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/health/a60952102/tooth-regrowth-human-trials-japan/

Research companies work best when there's plenty of infrastructure that can supply stuff they need to do the research. Including, to mention one recent case, electricity. It also helps to be in an area where there is stable government that can protect the research site from civil or military unrest, and too much (or too unpredictable) corruption. You also want it to be a place where your researchers are happy to live while they do their research, and where you can relatively easily recruit other skilled workers.

China does meet these requirements, but it is not exactly lacking in bureaucracy so I'm not sure why it made the list. If you're doing research involving human trials of some sort, you also want to be able to communicate well with the participants so extensive knowledge of the language and culture will be very useful.

All that said, plenty of organizations do carry out research all over the world, not just in rich countries with a lot of bureaucracy.

Speaking as a low-level employee in the medtech industry, I can report that a lot of companies are satisfied doing human research in Eastern Europe, where costs are low and regulations lax, but infrastructure is still available. I have heard that there is a bit of "rotation" among these countries over time, since costs and regulations tend to increase wherever human research becomes popular.

I admit I don't have much faith in most of humanity.

Only a few people are actively bad. But also only a few are actively good. Most people are just fucking passive. On some level they want the world to be a nice place, but if that requires them moving a finger, then... sorry, it's just not going to happen.

We have educational system that can teach you things that the ancient philosophers would sacrifice an arm and a leg for. And I don't mean just the school system, but also the internet: Wikipedia, Khan Academy, Library Genesis. If you want to learn something, it's there, often for free. Most people just don't care.

Even the universities and research institutions are mostly full of people just going through the motions, without any genuine curiosity. It may not seem that way if you are in an exceptionally good school or research org. But most people go to the university just to get the diploma, to hopefully get them a better job; they don't care about the knowledge. Most submitted scientific papers are shit that should be thrown away.

I suspect we only get progress because the human population is so huge that even a fraction of a fraction is enough in absolute numbers to keep inventing new things, while the rest of humanity keeps sleepwalking. A planet with one billion sane people would be... a science fiction story, compared to what we have now.

Of course, replacing humans with machines that will murder us and then proceed to slowly convert the entire universe to paperclips is not an answer.

What could humans make that would restore faith

I am tempted to say "wake up", except that most people would interpret that as doing some crazy thing, such as joining some religious group, reading conspiracy theories, etc. So I will say "wake up in a sane way". That means:

• Start paying attention to the universe around you. The living things are made of cells, everything is made of atoms. Pick up a textbook. Watch an educational video. Share with friends.
• Notice the things that are missing around you, and do something about that. (It will be more fun if you do that together with your friends.) People are lonely - talk to them. The park is dirty - pick up the trash.
• Notice the things that are dysfunctional and start talking about that. Houses are expensive - maybe we should build more houses. The food in shops is unhealthy - maybe we should learn to cook. Politicians are crazy - maybe we should write "a sane centrist manifesto", a list of things that most sane people can agree on, publish it everywhere, and mercilessly call out every crazy idea that goes against it.
• Simply, act as if this world is real, and as if your actions can actually matter (even if just on a small scale). You might not change the world, but you can definitely bring some change to your neighborhood.

Today, there are people like that. But they are like 1% of the population, and it's too much work for them to fix everything (especially while some people are actively trying to make it worse), and they are tired. Some help would be really appreciated.

If that is not an option, then at least we need to figure out some way for the sane people to get together, start their own city / country / planet, and... on my darker days, I would say "let the rest of humanity rot in their filth"... but actually I am a nice person, it's just that when everyone is drowning, you need to save yourself first, catch some breath, and maybe then return to help others. But you need to keep the separation on some symbolic level; for example if most scientific journals contain unreproducible results, do not post in the same journals, but start a new one with different criteria for accepting papers. If the schools suck, don't just become a teacher, but at least start a new school. If you are sane, keep yourself separated from the insane; help them if you can, but do it from a position where they can't drag you down or take credit for your work or twist your ideas. (Basically, if you do something fundamentally different from others, be legible about it, so that other sane people see whom to join.)

And to be honest, I don't think that even the rationality community passes this bar, although it is one of the few groups that are at least trying. (But we still get the murderous Zizians, demon-exorcising Leverage, etc.)