Check out "The Culture Map" by Erin Meyer. It's a book about how to work with people from different cultures - different expectations of bosses, different ways to give positive and negative feedback, different balance of work and personal relationships, etc.
FYI, I read this book and it was great. I've had on my todo list to write up a book review / summary of it.
Very interesting work. I am not an expert by any means, but a quick search in the chapter on Jewish Law does not mention the Kibbutz. While admittedly the most interesting aspects of the Kibbutz are the anthropological ones rather than the ones concerning the legal system I suppose they could be an example of a "very different system". Unfortunately I cannot recommend any source in particular. Similarly in the Iranian government the Legal and Political systems are heavily interweaved with the religious authority.
"Legal Systems Different From Our Own" is a fantastic work that explores how many different cultures approached legality. The diversity of ideas there has given me both concrete ideas of how to incentivize people, and helped shake me out of some default frames I was holding.
I'd be interested in other works that do the same thing, but for different aspects of community building (including but not limited how to help people find connection, how to help them gain skills, how to ensure the community has a good mixture of growth and stability, etc).
Three useful answers to this question would include:
1) if there literally is a book that is an overview of different communities or cultures and interesting elements of how they work, that'd be useful
2) if you have read a book that deals with one particular community or type of community, writing up a summary of that book
3) writing up experiences from a given community, especially if there were particular social tools that the community used that have neat implications.