Elon Musks Starship might bring us a new x-risk.
Dropping a tungsten rod that weights around 12,000 kg from orbit has a similar destruction potential as nuclear weapons.
At present lunch prices bringing a tungsten rod that's weighted 12,000 kg to orbit has a extreme cost for the defense industry that was labeled to be around $230 million a rod.
On the other hand, Starship is designed to be able to carry 100 tons with equals 8 rots to space in a single flight and given that Elon talked about being able to launch starship 3 times per day with a cost that would allow transporting humans from one place of the earth to another the launch cost might be less then a million.
I found tungsten prices to be around 25$/kilo for simple products, which suggest a million dollar might be a valid price for one of the rods.
When the rods are dropped they hit within 15 minutes which means that an attacked country has to react faster then towards nuclear weapons.
Having the weapons installed in a satellite creates the additional problem that there's no human in the loop who makes the decision to launch. Any person who succeeds in hacking a satellite with tungsten rods can deploy them.
You know I think Eliezer Yudkowsky has gone kind of crazy but you know his arguments are not that bad and the people in Silicon Valley do not have great rebuttals to the existential risk of AI.
An interesting thing about OpenAI's policies is that they ban DALL-E 2 from generating adult images.
It seems like their policy is to ban anything that anyone might object to. Porn that people on the right might object toward and than train their models to avoid being then 'toxic' which seems to be saying things that are politically incorrect for the left.
If that's the general spirit, we might end up with AI that's very restrictive toward what people can do.
Unforunately, my internet failed yesterday during the part of Geoff's stream that had the conversation with Anna Salamon.
Is there a recording available?
Metaculus suggests a 30% chance of China invading Taiwan by 2030 or earlier. While I have read some discussion about whether or not the event will happen I have seen very little discussion about how to prepare for the scenario happening.
It seems very neglected because it's uncomfortable to think about that world.
I read about Bir Tawil. It's territory that's currently unclaimed by any country on earth.
If someone would want to fund a new country it seems like a better location than seasteading.
Maybe, both Egypt and Sudan would be willing to recognize a new Bir Tawil state if that state is willing to build roads to Bir Tawil in the territory of both Egypt and Sudan.
Elon Musk seems to have a plan to deploy destructive capabilities to orbit within the next two years that are comparable to the nuclear arsenal of the late forties of the last century.
Little Boy that destroyed Hiroshima had a destructive power of 15 kilotons of TNT equivalents. A napkin calculation on Reddit put BFR to 16.22 kilotons of TNT equivalents.
Refueling in orbit means deploying that much explosive power to rockets in orbit.
There's almost no talk about about the cybersecurity of what he wants to build and it seems doubtful that the process he's currently using takes care of producing structure that keep out determined cyber attackers.
Getting to Mars is nice but it feels like the fact that we haven't had the ethical discussion about proliferation when it comes to Musk is a potential catastrophic error.
It's amazing how mismanged Evernote is.
Their attempt to strategically pivot away from being about remembering information is deeply flawed.
They update their app to a new design and for 3 months the app just crashed when I start it on my phone (I have a Google Pixel 3A which isn't that non-standard).
This Sunday, the app didn't save two notes I made, and now notes can't be saved.
As matter of irony, lsusr decided to censor me from commenting on his posts, so I can't comment on Restricting freedom is more harmful than it seems.
According to the South China Morning Post's summary of the Xi-Biden talks:
Among concrete results of the summit, the two sides agreed to cooperate on narcotics control and artificial intelligence governance, and resume military-to-military communication. But China voiced its continuing discontent with several US policies it believes hold it back, including export controls, investment reviews and unilateral sanctions.
For anyone who thought that cooperation between the US and China on AI governance is impossible this should be seen as great news.
Running simulations of driving situations is a key feature of how machine learning models for driverless cars get trained.
Maybe a key reasons for why humans dream is to allow us to simulate situations and learn to act in them?
Elon's idea of building a thousand Starships per-year to get to Mars seems ill-thought-out.
Starship is very well designed for bringing objects into orbit and down from orbit but not for the interplanetary journey.
For the interplanetary journey, you likely want to have a ring-space-station that's propelled by ion thrusters.
Having a ring-space-station means that it's easy to produce artificial gravity and generally have the infrastructure to have a good journey for more people.
If China wants to wage war over Taiwan, the situation is easier if all US military is occupied in the war elsewhere in the world.
The US already depleted a lot of its ammunition stockpiles by supporting Ukraine. If the US starts a war with Iran, US military capacity would be further strained.
From the Chinese perspective that might give a good time to fight over Taiwan when a lot of the capacity of the US military is not available to defend Taiwan.
StackExchange websites have a feature where questions with a lot of engagement can be tagged in a way that prevents new users from answering them. This is a way to prevent low quality answers.
It seems to me that there are questions like my recent post How would you run the statistics on whether Ivermectin helped India reduce COVID-19 cases? where it would be valuable to have a similar mechanism, as I see a person posting anecdotal links when the question isn't about having anecdotes but searches for a higher level of evidence. In general such a status woul...
I messed up one of my knees by not leaving my flat for 3 weeks followed by a long walk with some inclination.
If COVID motivates you like me to spend much time inside don't overexert yourself by putting your body under much stress at once.
One of the major problem with getting marketing emails is that we lack good feedback mechanisms to incentivize companies whom we do give our emails because we do want to get some information not to spam us with other information that we don't want to receive.
At the moment we have two options to punish companies who abuse the relationship. We can click on “mark as spam" or we can unsubscribe.
The first version is a punishment as it means that more emails of the company end up in spam folders. Unfortunately, the company usually doesn't know th...
One interesting way to reduce maze levels and monopoly power would be to make it harder for industries to consolidate to fewer players.
One possible policy would be to tax buying stakes in limited-liability companies by limited-liability companies. 20% might work.
Hedge funds that play a valuable economical role can do that under corporate structures that don't include limited liability. This would likely reduce the likelihood that individual hedge funds are "too big to fail". The owners of those hedge funds would then have more skin in the game.
Cancer researchers spend the last decade telling everyone "cancer isn't a disease". On the other hand we have antiaging people saying "aging is a disease".
The two strategic positions are interesting to compare and given that cancer gets as much spending and attention it's worth thinking about whether the strategy of the antiaging people is right.
Is a press interview of the German magazin Spiegel Sierk Poetting (Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of Biontec) said that Biontec had no room for funding in 2020 and additional money wouldn't have allowed them to scale up vaccine production faster but they have now room for funding.
http://cdn.www.spiegel.de/producing/SPIEGEL_2021_06.pdf (DER SPIEGEL Nr. 6 / 6. 2. 2021 Site 64)
The public criticism of Russia's vaccination efforts seem strange to me. Claiming that Russia only wants to do early vaccinations because of reasons of national prestigue and not because of health and economic damage of COVID-19 seems to me like too many people still haven't understood that COVID-19 is a serious issue that warrents doing what we can.
It seems that every post gets tagged with world modeling or world optimization. We should likely have a more focused definition or those tags to make them more specific.
I remember reading a link to a long article this month that was about how the New York times is very narrative driven and that the editors often decide on the narrative of the article before going out to research it. Does anybody know which article I mean?
It was a shock on arriving at the New York Times in 2004, as the paper’s movie editor, to realize that its editorial dynamic was essentially the reverse. By and large, talented reporters scrambled to match stories with what internally was often called “the narrative.” We were occasionally asked to map a narrative for our various beats a year in advance, square the plan with editors, then generate stories that fit the pre-designated line.
For me, an article linking to this one was the fifth Google result for "new york times narrative driven".
With constantly reduced costs of photos from satellites, satellite privacy will likely become an issue in the coming decade.
With current laws, every inch of land that's visible from the sky will get 24/7 surveillance.
Especially for people who don't share their garage with a lot of other people that will mean that everywhere they drive with their car can be public knowledge.
For all the intensity of advocating that a tough stance toward Russia in the Ukraine conflict is important for deterring China from taking Taiwan, where's the support for Lithuania and Slovenia when they get pursued by China for being pro-Taiwan?
The Ukrainian war has the potential to turn into a cyber war. Russian cyberattacks on Ukraine have damaged non-Ukranian targets is a good time to think through your OPsec.
Potential cyberwar is a good reason to think through your backup strategy, make sure that you use complex enough passwords with a password manager, use second-factor-authentification and have your software updated.
It's amazing how the current debates bring people who profess that they believe in science to reject core ideas of the enlightment about science not being about believing authority and attack modern tools of evidence-based medicine like meta-reviews as flawed.
Tesla recognizing that Bitcoin is bad for the enviroment shows why Bitcoin will lose to proof-of-stake currencies.
Bitcoin advocates argued that with Tesla buying Bitcoin is a sign that companies in general will do so. We live in a world where any companies that does that is likely going to be downrated on ESG rating while holding technologically more advanced crypto-currency like Polkadot and Ethereum (if 2.0 works) won't lead to ESG downrating.
The proof of stake currencies can provide low transaction fees that make them more suitable as an act...
Room humidity matters for COVID-19 transmission. If you are going to spent a lot of time in the same rooms as other people in the next months, invest into proper humidity to reduce your risk of getting ill: https://aaqr.org/articles/aaqr-20-06-covid-0302?fbclid=IwAR3zFZ-UqSjBlc2DJUjHI5yUKTujIW5WyDlwgogmfAAIJtEAxoCas-LkdWc
Thinking more about the Russian vaccine is sad. There's no discussion in the media about what risk we should actually expect from the vaccine. The scientists that get asked by the media to comment are only asked to talk about the general policy of clinical trials but not about the underlying biology.
I used to think that while JFK jr. has a lot of unorthodox positions he has some understanding of the basics mechanisms of how governance works.
JFK jr. has been censored a lot and spoke a lot about being pro-free speech. When it comes to the Israel conflict he however advocates for censoring calls for genocide.
He gave an interview where he defended that position by saying that speech that incites violence (like genocide) is not protected by the First Amendment. In reality, only speech that incites imminent lawless action is forbidden by the Brandenburg sta...
Is one updates to a pro-ChatGPT account is it possible to use GPT-4 for as many queries as one would have used ChatGPT before?
I'm trying to understand the quality of German regulation regarding clinical trials better.
It seems that back in 2016 we had a law that allowed a government agency to allow clinical trials even if an ethic commission voted against the clinical trial.
One newspaper article had a quote from the head of the ethics commission of the university of Munich:
Insgesamt geht es um eine Beschleunigung des Verfahrens, und die kann nicht im Sinne der Patienten sein."
Translated: Overall it's about speedup of the process and that can't be in the interest of the patient.
ChatGPT doesn't want to joke about science:
...As a machine learning model, I do not have the ability to create original jokes or humor. I can provide information and support to help answer your questions, but I am not able to generate jokes on my own.
In general, jokes are a form of humor that rely on wordplay, surprise, or incongruity to create a humorous effect. They often involve a setup that establishes a certain expectation, and a punchline that subverts that expectation in a surprising or unexpected way. Jokes can be difficult to create, as they require
PSA: There are now good FFP3 masks ( https://smile.amazon.de/-/en/gp/product/B00VAT74NG/ ). If your plan doesn't involve getting infected with Omicron this is the time to upgrade your protection.
FFP2/N95 masks are not good enough anymore.
I have a lot of uncertainty here so, let me write a shortform for now. I'm not sure to what extend the following thoughts are true and I'm happy about comments
It seems that the body has two immune defense levels. One is in the mucosal immune system and there's a second that leads to antibodies in the blood.
SARS-CoV-2 infections usually first are in the upper respiratory tract where the mucosal system provides defense and not in where the immune system that provides antibodies that are active in the blood can fight the infection. https://www.frontiersin.org...
Yesterday, I talked with a friend who together with her boyfriend got COVID. He was vaccinated, she wasn't. She had to go to the hospital while he didn't. However both have now the same long-COVID symptoms.
It's an anecdote and I'd really love if someone would actually study the question of how effective our vaccines are for preventing long-COVID...
I heard a lot about René Girard recently but never read any of his works. Does anyone have a recommendation about what is the best of his books to start with?
"To 'take over the world'? That must be the natural killer application for a secret clone army... All those clone projects were survivalist projects. They all failed, all of them. Because they lacked transparency."
Radical projects need widespread distributed oversight, with peer review and a loyal opposition to test them. They have to be open and testable. Otherwise, you've just got his desperate little closed bubble. And of course that tends to sour very fast.
Bruce Sterling in "The caryatides"
Open hypnothesis:
I had my first vaccination with AstraZeneca after which I spent a day in bed. For me second vaccination I had Biontech where I had less energy the next day but not so strong effects as the first one.
It's quite odd that the side-effects of the vaccines are so different from person to person.
One thing that might explain how the side effects are so different is that maybe for some people the vaccine stays mostly at the point where it was injected and for others it travels more through the body which causes side effects.
I had those ideas befor...
Let me startoff that from my perspective there's a lot of uncertainty about the effectiveness of ivermectin.
At the moment it seems that it's plausible that ivermectin is for many viruses the equivalent of penecilin for bacteria.
Should this turn out to be true, it seems pretty clear evidence against the low-hanging-fruid thesis of why innvoation declined. If we weren't able to detect that an existing drug that we used 4 billion times is the equivalent to penecilin, our ability to pick the low hanging fruid is clearly very low.
Medical researchers:
We see that childhood cancers are associated with PGBD5 which causes a lot of mutations.
What do we do with that knowledge? How about blocking the DNA repair of the mutation that are caused by PGBD5 so that the mutations kill some cancer cells.
I would have guessed that preventing PGBD5 from creating the mutations would be a higher priority.
I'm playing around with an evolutionary model for transposons and the transposons regularly kill my whole population...
China clearly banning human genetic engineering is a interesting news item (I got it from Gwern)
I feel pretty disturbed right now by https://www.winfried-stoecker.de/blog/die-beste-impfung-gegen-covid-19 . If what Stoecker (a biotech billionaire) is saying is true then for the companies that developed vaccines it was more important to deliever vaccines with fancy technology on which they hold patents instead of just doing the straight-forward well understood way of producing vaccines that we know and that could give us as many vaccines as we wanted.
I have a new draft for a post on why it makes sense to use rationalist jargon like steelmanning over the existing jargon. This is an experiment whether shortform is a good place to ask for draft feedback:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1slE6_sR82UsssV6eWRgjHNrHgNDsHPSltmbqIypsISU/edit?usp=sharing
I have the impression that the rate of new posts on LessWrong dipped over the summer and is now picking up again. Did the warm weather reduce the amount of time people have to write posts and now we all spend more time inside, so we have time to write?
Winter is coming and given the COVID-19 situation it means that if you want to meet other people savely doing it outside in the cold might be the best way to go about it.
For meetups I'm thinking to have a setup that switches between still group explanation and then pair exercises that can be done while walking around.
As far as clothing goes, I'm very unclear at the moment. What clothes are ideal for being able to be outside in the cold without freezing?
Are there any other concerns about how you might improve outdoor meetups when it's cold?
Schools around the world seem to start using automated grading for tests. If that technology exists, it would be interesting to have a forum that enforces posts to have a minimum score on those grading forms.
If I put copper tape everywhere, do I still need to take copper supplements when I up my zinc intake?
I just subscribed to Stiftung Warentest which is Germany's equivalent to Consumer Reports. It seems to me those institutions provide a vital service to allow producer in various categories to compete based on quality when they would otherwise compete based on marketing promises.
Intuitively, it feels easier to pay for physical goods then to pay for information like those reports. I think the information did allow me to buy better soap for washing my hands and I think there's a public good to be done by supporting those institutions and increasing their budgets to do unbiased tests (the Wirecutter is payed by affiliate money in a way that influences their editoral decisions).