Here’s a random list of economic concepts that I wish tech people were more familiar with of. I’ll focus on concepts, not findings, and on intuition rather than exposition.

• The semi-endogenous growth model: There is a tug of war between diminishing returns to R&D and growth in R&D capacity from economic growth. For the rate of progress to even stay the same, R&D capacity must continually grow.
• Domar aggregation: With few assumptions, overall productivity growth depends on sector-specific productivity growth in proportion to sectors’ revenues. If a sector is 11% of GDP, the economy is “11% bottlenecked” on it.
• Why wages increase exponentially with education level: This is empirically observed to be roughly true (the Mincer equation), but why? A simple explanation: the opportunity cost of education is proportional to the wage you can earn with your current level of education. So to be worthwhile, obtaining one more year of education needs to increase your wage by a certain percentage, no matter your current level of education. Each year of education earning people 10% more will look like an exponential.
  • This is basically “P = MC”, but applied to human capital.
• Automation only decreases wages if the economy becomes “decreasing returns to scale”. This post has a good explanation. Intuition: if humans don’t have to compete with automated actors for things that humans can’t produce (e.g., land or energy), humans could always just leave the automated society and build a 2025-like economy somewhere else.